Evaporating apparatus.



C. L. PRACHE. BVAPORATING APPARATUS. APPLIUATION HLBD JUNE 1n, 1911.

1,020,659-, y Patented Mar. 19, 1912.

' 'narran sfrarns CHARLES LOUIS PRACHE. 0F PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO LA SOCIT DEXPLOII-Y frIoN DE PRocE'Ds EVAPORATOIRES, SYSTME PRACHE ET BOUILLON, or PARIS,

FRANCE.

EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

To all w/mm t 'may concern.' l

le it known that I, (limnmcs LoL'Is lnw'nic, a citizen of the tepuhlic of France, rcsiding' at Paris, Seine, France, post-oilice ad dress 12 Rue de la Chaussee dntin, have invented new and useful improvements in r'Evaporating Apparatus, which improvements are fully set forth in the following specification.

it is known that for the evaporation ot the products which during their concentration deposit Acrystals it is advantageouslin order to avoid deposits upon the heating surfaces and for obtaining an eliicient transmission ot' heat to cause the solution to be concentrated to circulate as rapidly as possible in Contact with the heating surface. `While this solution is in contact with the heating surface it always subjected to a sufficient pressure to prevent ebullition occurring' in contact with such surface but only in a special portion of the boiler apart from this heating surface and in which the super-heated liquid subjected to a smaller pressure will vaporize of itself under the. infiuen'oe of thc heat units in excess that it has taken up in the heater. In order to realize these conditionsI recourse is generally had to centrifugal or other circulation pumps serving to produce the circulation of the liquid in the heater and in the vaporizer. Apart 'from complications in operation und in cleaning that these pumps add to the apparatus they present the defect ot' operating under defective conditions owing to deposits of crystals produced in their parts and in the suction and delivery pipes.

The present invention has for its object a device which perniits'of obtaining in every part of the evaporating apparatus an aut0 matic circulation of any desired intensity, the crystals produced being o'f course directed toward the lower-part of the appa I'atus from which they are extracted by means ot a lock chamber or by any other convenient means. i

The apparatus is represented by Way of example in the accompanying drawing in which the single ligure is a section on a vertical plane.

This apparatus consists of atubular heater l heated by steam and provided at its lower part with a depositing chamberQ at the Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 19, v1911.

ieu-cnice Mar. 1'9, 1912.

Serial No. 634.118.

bottoni of which a lock chamber 3 with two cocks is located; the heating steam is adwith two cvaporating reservoirs 9 and 10 arranged at the upper level. Each of these reservoirs isv closed at the upper part by a cover 1l at the center of which a discharge orifice 1:? is provided for the discharge of the steam produced in each of the reservoirs. The steam liberated from the vaporizer 9 proceeds through the lient pipe 13 to the upper part of the vaporizer l0 and thence to the exterior throug'h the pipe 1i.l The discharge orifice 12 of the reservoir 9 is provided with a valve '15 which closes in the upward direction and which is lifted by the float l() when the latter is at the top otite stroke. The valve 15 is rigidly connected by the lever 17 with the vulve 18 controllingan admission of steam from the exterior for example from the heating chamber of the heater through the pipe 1S) in such a manner that when the exhaust valve 15 is open the admission valve 18 is closed and vire versa. A float 20 is also arranged in the vessel 10 and in its highest position acts through the levers 21, 22 and 23 upon the valve 15 in the downward direction so as to open it.

The liquid to be concentrated is introduced into the apparatus through the aperture 24; the concentrated liquid is discharged through the pipe forming the 'overflow'. A gage 26 enables the level of the liquid in the apparatus to be ascertained. The stroke of the floats is limited by the tappets 27, 28 upon which they rest when the liquid falls.

The apparatus operates in the following manner with ebullition at atmospheric pressure. When the apparatus has been filled with liquid to the level 29 equilibrium exists in the two reservoirs 9 and 10, the-Heat 16 is at the top oflits'stroke, closes the valve '15 and opens the steam inlet through the 'valve 18: this steaml having beenregulated to a suflicient pressure 'abcve atmospheric pressure presses uponthe surface ofthe li uid contained in the reservoir. Under this derstood that instead of. employing steaml entering through the valve 18 for expelling the liquid a Huid of any kind-under pressure either inert or active might be utilized -for increasing the rapidity of the crystalli;

zation. "When the liquid has fallen to the level in the reservoir 9 it occupies the level 31 in the reservoir 10. At this level the fioat 2O islifted and'by the action ofy the levers 21, 22 and 23 opens the valve 15 and simultaneously closes the valve 18 for,-

tbe admission of steam. As a result of this the upper part of the two reservoirs`9 and y1 0 are placed in communication with atmospheric pressure, the liquid that had risen in the reservoir 10 again fallsunder the inluence of gravity and restablishes y the level 29 in the two reservoirs. When this level is restablished the oat 16 rises closing the valve 15y and opening the valve 18 and the same series of operations is repro,

duced. In this manner anoscillatory movement of the liquid is obtained in the apparatus a portion of the liquid flowing alternately from one reservoir v to the other passing each time through the heater in which it becomes heated. I

' yThe alternating movement of the liquid in the apparatus produces in the tubes of the heater and inthe piping connectin it with the evaporation reservoirsaserieso e1:- pulsions of liquid, the intensity of which depends upon the difference of pressure created inthe two reservoirs. These very intense and frequently repeated movements of liquid mechanically carrythe crystals' toward the lower part of the apparatus comprising the deposit chamber in which they are naturally deposited and from which they can be Withdrawn through the lock chamber with two valves or in any other convenient manner. The walls of the evaporation reservoirs and the parts of the floats in contact with which the evaporation mightV produce the deposit of crystals being alternately in contact with the steam during the'whol'e period for which the evaporator is-part-ially *empty cannot become charged with crystals' which are always washed and dissolved by the steam which alternately comes into oo ntact with them.

li'tapomtz'oa a oacu0.-Instead of evap0- y ration being effected at atmospheric pressure as in the fore oil-eg description this evaporation can be e ected at any pressure, n www) for example, by connecting the liberation pipe 14 with with Athe heating chamber of another similar apparatus for obtaining multipleeva oration effects. Similarly instead `of admitting the Vmotive steam intended to serve as the propulsion agent intermittently into one a condenser or even connection between of the reservoirs it might be admitted alternately 'to the two reservoirs which would then both be provided with identical ad mission and discharge valves similar to those described above. `l That I clainand desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In combination a pair of stationary reservoirs, a connection between' said reservoirs, a heater to heat said connection, and

.^ means to cause an alternating flow of liquid from one reservoir to the other.

-2. In combination a pair of stationary reservoirs, a connection between said reservoirs, means to cause' an'alternating flow of liquid from one reservoir to the other and a heater adapted to heat said liquid during its flow from one reservoir to the other.

3. In' combination a pair of stationary reservoirs, a connection between said reservoirs, a heater to heat said connection, means to cause an alternating flow ofliquid froml one reservoir to the other and means to remove deposits from said liquid.

4. In combination a pair of stationary reservoirs, a connection between said reservoirs, means to` cause anA alternating flow of liquid from one reservoir to the other, a heater adapted .to heat said liquid during its flow from one reservoir to the other and means to remove deposits fromsaid liquid.

Y5. In combination a pair of reservoirs a connection between said reservoirs, a heater i to heat said connectUfIl, and means to sub- 'ject the liquid contents of said reservoirs to a iuid at a pressure higher than the normal exhaust pressure for intermittent alternating periods.

6. In combination a connection between sai reservoirs, an ex-' air of reservoirs, a v

haust space connecting the upper parts of y said reservoirs, a heaterl to heat said connection, a means to admit pressure fluid inter-l mittently into one of said reservoirs, and means to cut ofi communication between lsaid reservoirs through said exhaust space during the admission of pressure i'iuid. 7. In comblnation a pair of reservoirs, a said reservoirs, an ex' haust space connecting the upper parts of said reservoirs', a heater to heat said con- 'l nection, an automatically operated means to admit pressure luidintermittently into one of said reservoirs, and means to cut ofi' communicationv between lvsaid reservoirs through said exhaust space during the admission of pressure fluid.

8. In combination a pair of reser oirs, a connection between said reservoiragan exhaust space'connecting the upper p rts of said reservoirs, a heater to heat said connection, a means controlled by the liquid level in one of said reservoirs to admit pressure fluid intermittently into one of said reservoirs, and means to eut of communica tion iiown Suid reservoirs through Said exhaust space during the admission of pressiwe lluid.

9. In combinaiijin n pail' of' reservoirs, :i eonnectionbetweeu said reservoirs, u heater to hun@ said connection and uid. pressure means to cause au alternating flow of .liquid from une reservoir to the other.

10. In combination a pair of ireservoivs, u connection between Suid reservoirs, Huid p1-assure means to cause :in alternating flow of liquid from one reservoir to the other und u heater adapted to heat said liquid during its flow from one reservoir to the otum'.

11. ln olnbinalion, u pail' of reservoirs, a connection between Suid i'esei'voiixs, means; to cause un alternating flow of liquid from one i'esei'voiij to the other and menus lo heut Said liquid only during its flow through Suid connection.

In testimonywhereof I have signed this Specification in the presence of' two suhscribing witnesses.

CHARLES Louis mmol-1E.

Witnesses EMLIE Luminy, DEAN M. MASON. 

